Correlation of olfactory morphology with psychological properties based on the system-vector paradigm of Yuri Burlan
In a scientific journal from the list of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Federation, an article was published, which for the first time in the world scientific press considers the anatomy and morphology of the human olfactory system on the basis of the system-vector paradigm of Yuri Burlan.
In a scientific journal from the list of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Federation, an article was published, which for the first time in the world scientific press considers the anatomy and morphology of the human olfactory system on the basis of the system-vector paradigm of Yuri Burlan. The fundamental conclusions of Yuri Burlan find application in the practical work of doctors and psychologists, the authors of this article.
The article was published in the first issue of the journal "Historical and Social-Educational Thought", No. 1/2014.
By the decision of the Presidium of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation No. 26/15 of June 17, 2011, the journal "Historical and Social-Educational Thought" was included in the list of peer-reviewed scientific journals in psychological specialties.
We bring to your attention the text of the article:
Correlation of olfactory morphology with psychological properties based on the system-vector paradigm of Yuri Burlan
The ancient olfactory (translated from Latin olfactorius - olfactory [1]) modality is perhaps the most myth-generating among the types of sensitivity inherent in the human body. The fabulous dark forces often possess heightened olfactory sensitivity, and the infernal creatures are accompanied by specific smells.
The myths of the collective unconscious, as well as the inexhaustible interest in the olfactory system of hominids from the scientific world, reflect the importance of olfactory sensitivity in the process of ontogenesis. The ability to recognize and distinguish odors is one of the earliest brain functions in newborns. Olfactory influence throughout a person's life is reflected both in the individual life scenario and in the group dynamics of large communities.
Despite a number of outstanding scientific achievements [4] [5] [6] [7] [9], there are many blank spots in the understanding of the operation of the olfactory system, as well as its connection with brain functions and, in general, with the human mental - in the conscious and unconscious aspects.
This article examines the topic at an interdisciplinary intersection of sciences. The authors used a review of a number of works of Russian and foreign studies in the field of brain physiology and morphology, which in comparative analysis reveal congruence with the conclusions of the latest psychophysiological olfactory theory, which is part of the paradigm of Yuri Burlan's System-Vector Psychology.
Brain morphology and olfactory sensitivity
Olfactory sensitivity is provided by the structures of the brain that make up the olfactory analyzer as a whole. The olfactory sensory receptors are chemoreceptors.
The olfactory structure begins with the olfactory receptors and ends in the corresponding projection zone of the temporal cortex (Brodmann's field) [5].
The significance of the olfactory modality in the evolutionary process of development and complication of the vertebrate brain is well described in the book by Professor S. V. Savelyeva “Variability and genius”: “The olfactory receptor is the most ancient analytic structure for the emergence of most of the forebrain centers. Ultimately, the olfactory and vomeronasal systems gave rise to the neocortex, which arose as a kind of associative superstructure over the sense of smell”[4, P.37].
The olfactory system, in addition to perceiving smells proper, which in humans are subject to conscious discrimination, also performs the task of capturing special volatile chemosignals - pheromones, which, as a rule, are not recognized, but play an important role in the regulation of behavior, including sexual behavior, in social ranking, etc. This property of the olfactory structure will be discussed below.
Vomeronasal organ and its role in the regulation of behavior
Until a certain time, it was generally accepted that only vertebrates possess the vomeronasal system: the corresponding organ in animals was discovered by L. Jacobson and was named after him. Jacobson described in detail the structure of the vomeronasal organ in a number of mammals. [9, C.369].
Pheromones, which are not perceived as ordinary smells, but are perceived by a special vomeronasal receptor apparatus, play a significant role in the regulation of instinctive behavior and sexual relations in animals.
For quite a long time, there was an erroneous opinion that in humans the vomeronasal organ supposedly undergoes complete regression at the 5th month of embryonic development and does not play any role in interpersonal relationships.
For the first time, the vomeronasal organ in an adult was discovered at the beginning of the 18th century by the surgeon F. Ruysch [9, C.369]. At the beginning of the 19th century, Vaughn Somering confirmed this observation [9, C.369], and in 1891 M. Potiquier published his conclusions on this issue [8]. The use of detailed microscopy allowed the doctors MoranD. T and JafekB. W. in 1991 to identify the vomeronasal organ in each of the 200 studied patients [7].
Anatomically, the vomeronasal organ is represented by a small depression in the nasal cavity. Its receptors are mixed with common olfactory receptors, and the sensitivity and size of the receptors varies greatly, in length from 0.2 to 1.0 cm and diameter from 0.2 to 2.0 mm.
Such variability of the peripheral part alone cannot but affect the entire olfactory analyzer. An increase in the number of receptors, of course, leads to a qualitative increase in the sensitivity of perception of both ordinary odors and pheromones. Over time, a quantitative assessment will also become available, since it became possible to differentiate the projection and associative fields of the cerebral cortex. We can already interpret these data as confirmation of the existence of such individuals who have a sensitivity to volatile, imperceptible "odors", i.e. pheromones, far exceeds the average population value. This statement is in good agreement with the differentiation of people according to the orientation of the internal mental - system vectors, used on the basis of the latest psychological methodology.[3] On a macrocontour of 8 vectors, such typing is carried out in the paradigm of System-Vector Psychology by Yuri Burlan [2]. One of the dominant vectors is the olfactory, or olfactory, vector, the carriers of which are less than 1% in society [10]. Olfactory vector properties in the psychological context are closest to the area of the unconscious, an example is the systemic olfactory intuition considered in the next section of this article.an example is the systemic olfactory intuition discussed in the next section of this article.an example is the systemic olfactory intuition discussed in the next section of this article.
Intuition in the system-vector understanding
In everyday life, there is a lot of talk around the "sixth sense" - when a person, without realizing it, acts as if on a whim. The carriers of the visual vector draw images for themselves, experience emotionally colored, premonition-inspired experiences that, in fact, turn out to be only unconscious fears inherent in this vector and symptoms of a repressed anxiety-hypochondriac syndrome. All this is far from the real, one might say, anatomically and phylogenetically determined intuition inherent in the olfactory vector.
Olfactory, or olfactory, intuition often manifests itself in an inexplicable decision from the point of view of an ordinary person in a situation, as well as in action or inaction, which are subsequently assessed as the most acceptable. Almost all people are accustomed to one way or another to be aware of and analyze their actions - this is what distinguishes us from animals that exist exclusively within the framework of instincts. The way of thinking in representatives of the olfactory vector type is fundamentally different - its nature is unconscious, intuitive, non-verbalized and based on information signals of the olfactory analytic structure, which almost always bypass consciousness. Unfortunately, the question of the correlation of conscious and unconscious processes with such brain structures as the thalamus, etc.,is beyond the scope of this article and our other works will be devoted to it in the future.
Information about both ordinary smells and pheromones is analyzed by the carrier of the olfactory vector, the "olfactory", without awareness, which means it cannot be verbalized, but, once it gets into the brain structures, it is instantly processed, which makes it possible to accurately assess any situation. The information from olfactory receptors in the olfactory person is not subject to conscious rationalization and interpretation, in which a high probability of erroneous conclusions is possible. An unconscious premonition of danger controls his behavior in such a way that it allows him to get out of the most critical situations, and more often not to get into these situations at all. All these properties provide a functional prescription of the olfactory vector at the psychophysiological level - “to survive at any cost”. The properties and social functions of this vector are revealed in volume in the innovative System-Vector Psychology of Yuri Burlan [10].
People who do not have an olfactory vector have the usual sensitivity of the olfactory analyzer and do not receive that large amount of olfactory information that is unconsciously processed in carriers of the olfactory vector and determines the error-free actions. The “pheromone background” inherent in each individual is constantly changing and depends on the internal state of a person, his gender, age and state of health, on his emotions and thoughts, on his rank, etc. A lot of volatile, odorless in the usual sense, chemosignals pheromones make up a huge stimulus space for the non-verbal intelligence of the carrier of the olfactory vector, which has a hypersensitive olfactory analyzer. Such hypersensitivityon the conscious and subconscious levels determines the true olfactory intuition in the olfactory vector [10].
findings
So, the concepts that have developed in modern science - brain neurophysiology, in particular, in the section of the morphology of the vomeronasal organ, correlate well with the paradigm of the System-Vector Psychology of Yuri Burlan at the level of vector characteristics, especially in the properties of the mental in the olfactory vector.
The olfactory vector in this methodology is one of 8 vectors that determine the volume of the entire mental whole, which is investigated by the method of psychological differential analysis.
Literature
1. Bakhrushina L. A. Latin-Russian and Russian-Latin dictionary of the most common anatomical terms. / ed. V. Novodranova. - Ed. GEOTAR-Media, 2010.288 p.
2. Ochirova VB An innovative study of childhood problems in System-Vector Psychology by Yuri Burlan. XXI century: results of the past and problems of the present plus: Periodical scientific publication. - Penza: Publishing house of Penza State Technological Academy, No. 08 (12), 2013. - p. 119-125.
3. Ochirova VB Innovation in Psychology: An Eight-Dimensional Projection of the Pleasure Principle. / / Collection of materials of the I International Scientific and Practical Conference "New Word in Science and Practice: Hypotheses and Approbation of Research Results" / ed. S. S. Chernov; Novosibirsk, 2012. p.97-102.
4. Saveliev S. V. Variability and genius. - M.: VEDI, 2012.128 p.
5. Duus P. Topical diagnosis in neurology / under the scientific ed. Prof. L. Likhterman; Moscow: IPC "VAZAR-FERRO", 1996. 400 s.
6. Monti-Bloch L., Jennings-White C., Berliner DL The human vomeronasal system: rewiew // Olfaction and taste, Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 1998. 855. P. 373-389
7. Moran DT, Jafek BW, Rowley JC 3 rd. The vomeronasal (Jacobson's) organ in man: ultrastructure and frequency of occurrence.// The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 39 (4B), 1991. p
. 545-552 8. Potiquet, M. (1891) Du canal de Jacobson. De lpossibilité de le reconnaître sur le vivant et de son rôle probable dans lpathogénie de certaines lésions de lcloison nasale. Rev. Laryngol. (Paris), 2, 737-753.
9. Trotier, D. et al., The vomeronasal cavity in adult humans, Chemical Senses, 25 (4), 2000, pp. 369-380.
10. Gribova M. O., Kirss D. A. Olfactory vector. Date of access: 2013-15-12 //
