America. Part 2. A systematic view of the formation of American society
The system of checks and balances that does not allow any of the branches of government to usurp power in the United States and allows such a structure to exist without serious disruptions for more than 200 years: the President of the United States is not the sole ruler of the state, but only a civil servant, the head of the executive branch, performing his work in within the powers assigned to him by law.
Part 1
FUNDAMENTAL LAW AS A COMPROMISE
After the War of Independence, the United States faced significant challenges that required enormous efforts to resolve. First, after the war, there was a significant internal and external debt, mainly to France, which supported the Americans in the war. Bankruptcy of farmers, bankruptcy of financiers and merchants have become commonplace. Secondly, the creation of a centralized state according to completely new principles. To solve the first problem, it was first necessary to solve the second.
Since independence, each state has pursued its own financial policies. This was largely due to the different type of economy in the states: the North specialized in industry, the South - in agriculture. Each state introduced its own customs system, and Rhode Island even issued its own currency. It was heading towards the collapse of the state. And the solution was to create a constitution - a set of fundamental laws of the state.
Here the developed skin vector was able to fully manifest itself. In May 1787, the Federal Convention began work under the chairmanship of J. Washington, whose main goal was to create the US Constitution, the fundamental law that would regulate the life of the state. The work on the document was complicated by the lack of such in the UK. It was a very complex creative process, designed to compromise the position of "federalists", mainly representatives of the northern states, who wanted to create a federal centralized state on laws common to all, and "anti-federalists" who stood up for the economic independence of the states and saw the role of the government only as a representative in international relations.
Industrialists, financiers, large traders joined the federalists, and their opponents were farmers, small traders, plantation owners and, accordingly, slaves. It is not hard to guess what social formation these two camps represented. The developed collective skin vector of American society sided with the federalists and, despite the numerical superiority of the anti-federalists, won the convention's debates.
As a result, a compromise was found between different points of view on the structure of the state and the US Constitution was adopted, which gave broad powers to each state, but united them into a single state. The young American Republic was built on the principle of separation of powers. Three branches of government were created: executive, legislative and judicial, and none of them had the right to make decisions without the knowledge and consent of the others.
DIVIDE AND RULE!
How does such a structure manage to function without serious failures for over 200 years? The answer lies in a system of checks and balances that prevents any branch of government from usurping power in the country. The President of the United States is not the sole ruler of the state, but only a civil servant, the head of the executive branch, who performs his work within the framework of the powers assigned to him by law. The impeachment procedure is one of the most striking manifestations of the system of checks and balances in the event that the executive branch begins to act outside the framework of the law. The President may be removed from office by the Senate if more than 2/3 of the Senators vote for his resignation. Thus, if the president (or any other person in the executive branch) is found guilty of violating the law, he is removed from office and becomes criminalized. At the same time, the President has the power to reject any bills passed by Congress and the Senate.
Throughout the history of the United States, there has been a confrontation between the executive and legislative branches of government, but it has never led to a paralysis of state governance, moreover, it has contributed to the adoption of the most balanced decisions. The only thing that has not been prevented is a civil war between North and South.
The third branch of government, the judiciary, has the power to invalidate a law or executive act because it is inconsistent with the US Constitution. Such an organization of power can only be effective in countries with a skin mentality. Restraints, balances, constraints, compromises are all manifestations of cutaneous measure.
FEATURES OF THE SKIN MENTALITY
People with a developed skin vector have logical thinking, discipline and self-control. They can create complex engineering designs and remarkable laws that can improve the lives of millions of people. Such a person will never give or take bribes, look for connections in order to get a quick benefit for himself. That is, he will not try to circumvent the measure expressed by the law by various tricks to fill his desire to receive. But within the framework of this measure, he will make every effort to achieve material well-being and status in society.
The skin mentality of the United States has always contributed to the development and realization of such people in general, in the whole society, and not in individual cases. That is why the principle of separation of powers has proven so effective in the United States. All officials play according to strictly defined rules, their personal relationships are governed by morality and cannot be a factor in politics. Just as there can be no one-man rule. Rather, it may be, as it was in Western Europe, but this did not contribute to scientific and technological development and industrialization, which led either to gradual reforms, as in Great Britain, or to a revolution, as in France.
Modern European monarchs no longer have any power in their countries, their role is only to preserve the cultural traditions of these countries, which is pleasant for people with an anal vector. There is not and could not be in America an autocratic tsar who determines the life of the state. There is only the letter of the law, which everyone, without exception, must obey.
It should be noted, however, that the above system developed only in the northern states. In the southern states, as mentioned earlier, the social order was completely different. The two regions of the United States did not go to war with each other after gaining independence, in my opinion, only because the threat of an invasion by the British army remained, which could only be resisted by joint efforts. But by 1861, the total population of the United States exceeded 30 million: 9 million in the south, 22 million in the north. The threat of an invasion by Great Britain disappeared, moreover, the southern states preferred to trade their main product, cotton, with Great Britain and other European countries, bypassing the North. As a result, a bloody war broke out, which was initially waged by the North to destroy the economy of the South, for example, the blockade of southern seaports,the abolition of slavery were the instruments of such destruction. Only by such tough methods was it possible to preserve the country's unity.
SPIRITUALITY AS A BUSINESS APPROACH
Let's try to take a closer look at the cultural basis of the American nation. It may seem strange at first glance, but Americans are very religious. Recent polls indicate that the majority of the US population considers religion to be an important part of their lives. American society has been religiously pluralistic from the beginning. Since the law permits freedom of religion, almost all religious groups and movements from around the world are present in the United States today.
System-vector psychology gives us an understanding of religion and belief in otherworldly forces as a phenomenon, it is a projection of the internal states of people with a sound vector, looking for a connection with the metaphysical world, onto our external world. Sound states add up to ideas that move the world forward, but also bring great sacrifices. The Reformation was just such an idea that later turned the whole world upside down.
As discussed above, Protestant morality and work ethics became the foundation for US culture. Protestantism has become the backbone on which the formation of society rests. To be successful for a person or group of people in the United States, it was necessary to accept these skin rules of the game for themselves. For example, the Irish and Italians were Catholics, so their integration into the American nation was fraught with significant difficulties. Their way of life carried many features of a traditional society, but they could not influence the formation of the United States, on the contrary, they had to change themselves, which they did, and very successfully. After all, these were European peoples. It is only in their home countries, Italy and Ireland, that the industrial civilization developed with a great delay relative to the advanced countries. There the traditional order was very reluctant to give way to a new skin formation.
The term "Protestant work ethic" itself was introduced only at the beginning of the 20th century by the German philosopher and sociologist Max Weber. He was able to notice from the example of Germany how Catholic and Protestant entrepreneurs treated work. Entrepreneurs of the traditional formation, expressed by Catholicism, tried to minimize their labor efforts, they relied on monopoly, entered into deals with the authorities or with each other, thereby dividing their income as if equally. This type of behavior is typical for people with an anal vector striving to equalize income, preserve traditions and continuity in the profession.
In the case when the social formation supported the values of the anal vector, everyone else also had to adjust to it, including skin people. When the skin formation began to replace it, the emergence of competition rules and standardized laws that equalize all people at the starting positions and give freedom of action, the anal sexes perceived it as betrayal, treason, dishonesty and disrespect with all the ensuing consequences. Religious wars broke out, fueled on both sides by the sonic ideas of traditional Catholicism and revolutionary Protestantism. All this in a nutshell.
The Protestant work ethic appeared thanks to the sound idea of Reformation Christianity, which made intensive work within the framework of the law virtue, and brought science from mysticism and occultism to rational knowledge of the world, theory became inseparable from practice. All modern science is based on exact theories, backed up experimentally, with repeatability of the result, and has always been called upon to ensure technical progress, and with it, an increase in the quality and duration of human life. Only the skin formation of society could ensure the development of science. And if in Europe the values of traditional society resisted new social relations, in the USA the development of science was not restrained by anything.
But all this does not mean that the religious attitude has disappeared with the development of science, it is still preserved throughout the world, except for Russia and the CIS. The collective sound vector in the United States still remains religious, even among scientists; it does not have such a painful and helpless search as in Russia. An American scientist may well be a believer, he works according to the rules and laws established in science, and he can keep his inner state with him inside his personal space. This did not create any obstacles for scientific and technological progress, but in the future it will become an obstacle in the transition to the urethral phase of development. But this is a separate big topic.
Americans may seem to many, at first glance, to be atheistic people who live only for the sake of earnings and material prosperity, which is completely wrong. Religion as a projection of the spiritual search of people with a sound vector onto our material world can carry the social organization of society. Ideas can differ from each other diametrically, and each person understands religiosity through himself, through the mentality of his people.
Previous parts:
America. Part 1. A systematic view of the formation of American society
America. Part 3. A systematic view of the formation of American society
America. Part 4. A systematic view of the formation of American society
